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This article is about the phonology and phonetics of the Estonian language. ==Vowels== There are 9 vowels and 36 diphthongs, 28 of which are native to Estonian. All nine vowels can appear as the first component of a diphthong, but only occur as the second component. A vowel characteristic of Estonian is the unrounded back vowel , which may be mid back, close back, or mid central.〔 * occur only in initial syllables. Other vowels () can occur in both initial and non-initial syllables, but occurs in non-initial syllables only in proper names and loanwords.〔 * The front vowels are phonetically near-front , i.e. intermediate in backness between the default IPA values of the front and central vowels.〔 * Before and after , the back vowels can be fronted to , i.e. they can be realized as somewhat closer to the default IPA values of than it is normally the case.〔 * The unrounded vowel transcribed can be realized as close back , mid central or mid back , depending on the speaker.〔 * The mid vowels are phonetically true-mid , i.e. intermediate in height between the default IPA values of the close-mid and open-mid vowels.〔 * * Word-final is often realized as open-mid .〔 * The open vowels are phonetically near-open , i.e. intermediate in height between the default IPA values of the open-mid and fully open vowels.〔 There are very few instances of vowel allophony; for instance, the long is pronounced as the diphthong in certain environments. Simple vowels can be inherently short or long, written with single and double vowel letters respectively. Diphthongs are always inherently long. Furthermore, long vowels and diphthongs have two suprasegmental lengths. This is described further below. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Estonian phonology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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